ALBERT DAVID LIMITED
Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements
Opinion
1. We have audited the accompanying financial statements of ALBERT DAVID LIMITED ("the Company"), which comprise the Balance Sheet as at 31st March 2024, the Statement of Profit and Loss (including Other Comprehensive Income), the Statement of Cash Flows, the Statement of Changes in Equity and notes to the financial statements for the year ended on that date including a summary of material accounting policies and other explanatory information (herein after referred to as "Financial Statements").
In our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us, the aforesaid financial statements give the information required by the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") in the manner so required and give a true and fair view in conformity with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, of the state of affairs of the Company as at March 31,2024, its profit (including Other Comprehensive Loss), Changes in equity and its cash flows for the year ended on that date.
Basis for Opinion
2. We conducted our audit in accordance with the Standards on Auditing (SAs) specified under section 143(10) of the Act. Our responsibilities under those Standards are further described in the Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the Code of Ethics issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India together with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements under the provisions of the Act and the Rules thereunder, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the Code of Ethics. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Key Audit Matters
3. Key Audit Matters are those matters that, in our professional judgment, were of most significance in our audit of the financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of our audit of the financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters. We have determined the matters described below to be the key audit matters to be communicated in our report.
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Sr. No
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Key Audit Matter
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Auditor's Response
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1.
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Revenue Recognition
Revenue for the company consists primarily of sale of products. Revenue from the sale of products is recognized at the moment when performance obligation of the underlying products have been completed and is measured net of discounts, incentives and rebates given to the customers. The estimation of discounts, incentives and rebates recognized, related to sales made during the year, is material and considered to be complex and judgmental. Therefore, there is a risk of revenue being misstated as a result of inaccurate estimates of discounts, incentives and rebates.
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Principal Audit Procedures
a) Assessed the appropriateness of the company's revenue recognition accounting policies, including those relating to discounts, incentives and rebates by comparing with the applicable accounting standards;
b) Tested the operating effectiveness of the general IT control environment and key IT application controls over recognition of revenue, calculation of discounts, incentives and rebates;
c) Performed test of details:
i) Agreed samples of sales, discounts, incentives and rebates to supporting documentation and approvals; and
ii) Obtained supporting documents for sales transactions recorded either side of year end as well as credit notes issued after the year ended to determine whether revenue was recognized in the correct period.
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Sr. No
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Key Audit Matter
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Auditor's Response
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Further, the company focuses on revenue as a key performance measure. Therefore, revenue was our area of focus included whether the accruals were misstated and appropriately valued, whether rebates and discounts was recorded in the correct period and whether the significant transactions had been accurately recorded in the Statement of Profit and Loss. Refer corresponding note for amounts recognized as revenue from sale of products
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d) Performed focused analytical procedures:
i) Compared the revenue for the current year with the prior year for variance/ trend analysis and where relevant, completed further inquiries and testing to corroborate the variances by considering both internal and external benchmarks, overlaying our understanding of industry; and
ii) Compared the discounts, incentives and rebates of the current year with the prior year for variance/ trend analysis and where relevant, completed further inquiries and testing to corroborate the variances by considering both internal and external benchmarks, overlaying our understanding of industry
e) Considered the appropriateness of the company's description of the accounting policy, disclosures related to revenue, discounts, incentive and rebates and whether these are adequately presented in the financial statement.
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2.
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Litigations and claims-provisions and contingent liabilities
As disclosed in Notes detailing contingent liability and provision for contingencies, the company is involved in direct, indirect tax and other litigations ('litigations') that are pending with different statutory authorities. Whether a liability is recognized or disclosed as a contingent liability in the financial statements is inherently judgmental and dependent on a number of significant assumptions and assessments. The amounts involved are potentially significant and determining the amount, if any, to be recognized or disclosed in the financial statements, is inherently subjective.
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Our key procedures included the following:
• Assessed the appropriates of the company's accounting policies, including those relating to provision and contingent liability by comparing with the applicable accounting standards;
• Assessed the company process for identification of the pending litigations and completeness for financial reporting and also for monitoring of significant developments in relation to such pending litigations;
• Engaged subject matter specialists to gain an understanding of the current status of litigations and monitored changes in the disputes, if any, through discussions with the management and by reading external advice received by the company, where relevant, to establish that the provisions had been appropriately recognized or disclosed as required;
• Assessed the company's assumptions and estimates in respect of litigations, including the liabilities or provisions recognized or contingent liabilities disclosed in the financial statements. This involved assessing the probability of an unfavourable outcome of a given proceeding and the reliability of estimates of related amounts; Performed substantive procedures on the underlying calculations supporting the provisions recorded;
• Assessed the management's conclusions through understanding precedents set in similar cases; and Considering the appropriateness of the company's description of the disclosures related to litigations and whether these adequately presented in the financial statements.
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Other Information
4. The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the Management Discussion and Analysis; Board's Report including Annexures to Board Report, Corporate Governance and Shareholders' Information but does not include the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The aforesaid documents are expected to be made available to us after the date of this auditor's report.
5. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
6. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information when it becomes available and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.
7. When we read the aforesaid documents, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to communicate the matters to those charged with governance.
Management's Responsibility for the Financial Statements
8. The Company's Board of Directors is responsible for the matters stated in section 134(5) of the Companies Act, 2013 ("the Act") with respect to the preparation of these financial statements that give a true and fair view of the financial position, financial performance, changes in equity and cash flows of the Company in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in India, including the accounting Standards specified under section 133 of the Act. This responsibility also includes maintenance of adequate accounting records in accordance with the provisions of the Act for safeguarding of the assets of the Company and for preventing and detecting frauds and other irregularities; selection and application of appropriate accounting policies; making judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and design, implementation and maintenance of adequate internal financial controls, that were operating effectively for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of the accounting records, relevant to the preparation and presentation of the financial statement that give a true and fair view and are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
9. In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intends to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
10. The Board of Directors are also responsible for overseeing the company's financial reporting process.
Auditor's Responsibility for the Audit of the Financial Statements
11. Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SAs will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
12. As part of an audit in accordance with SAs, we exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
• Obtained an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances. Under Section 143(3) (i) of the Companies Act, 2013, we are also responsible for expressing our opinion on whether the company has adequate internal financial controls system in place and the operating effectiveness of such controls.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by management.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of management's use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor's report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor's report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
13. We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
14. We also provide those charged with governance with a statement that we have complied with relevant ethical requirements regarding independence, and to communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.
15. From the matters communicated with those charged with governance, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in our auditor's report unless law or regulation precludes public disclosure about the matters or when we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.
16. Materiality is the magnitude of misstatements in the financial statements that, individually or in aggregate, makes it probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably knowledgeable user of the financial statements may be influenced. We consider quantitative materiality and qualitative factors in (i) planning the scope of our audit work and in evaluating the results of our work; and (ii) to evaluate the effect of any identified misstatements in the financial statements.
Report on Other Legal and Regulatory Requirements
17. As required by the Companies (Auditor's Report) Order, 2020 ("the Order") issued by the Central Government of India in terms of sub -section (11) of section 143 of the Act, we give in the Annexure-A, a statement on the matters specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Order, to the extent applicable.
18. As required by Section 143 (3) of the Act, we report that:
(a) We have sought and obtained all the information and explanations which to the best of our knowledge and belief were necessary for the purposes of our audit.
(b) In our opinion, proper books of account as required by law have been kept by the Company so far as it appears from our examination of those books.
(c) The Balance Sheet, the Statement of Profit and Loss (including other comprehensive income) and the Cash Flow Statement, Statement of Changes in Equity dealt with by this report are in agreement with the books of account.
(d) In our opinion, the aforesaid financial statements comply with the Accounting Standards specified under Section 133 of the Act, read with Rule 7 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014.
(e) On the basis of the written representations received from the directors as on 31st March, 2024 taken on record by the Board of Directors, none of the directors is disqualified as on 31st March, 2024 from being appointed as a director in terms of Section 164 (2) of the Act;
(f) With respect to the adequacy of the internal financial controls over financial reporting of the Company and the operating effectiveness of such controls, refer to our separate Report in "Annexure B".
(g) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor's Report in accordance with the requirements of section 197(16) of the Act, as amended:
According to the information and explanations given to us and the records of the company examined by us, total managerial remuneration paid as reflected in the financial statements for the year ended 31st March 2024 are in accordance with the requisite approvals mandated by the provisions of section 197 read with Schedule V of the Act.
(h) With respect to the other matters to be included in the Auditor's Report in accordance with Rule 11 of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014, in our opinion and to the best of our information and according to the explanations given to us:
a. The Company has disclosed the impact of pending litigations on its financial position in its financial statements. Refer Note 43.1 of the financial statements
b. The Company did not have any long-term contracts including derivative contracts for which there were any material foreseeable losses.
c. There were no amounts which were required to be transferred to the Investor Education and Protection Fund by the Company.
d. (i) The Management has represented that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, no funds (which are
material either individually or in the aggregate) have been advanced or loaned or invested (either from borrowed funds or share premium or any other sources or kind of funds) by the Company to or in any other person or entity, including foreign entity ("Intermediaries"), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Intermediary shall, whether, directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Company ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
(ii) The Management has represented, that, to the best of its knowledge and belief, no funds (which are material either individually or in the aggregate) have been received by the Company from any person or entity, including foreign entity ("Funding Parties"), with the understanding, whether recorded in writing or otherwise, that the Company shall, whether, directly or indirectly, lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party ("Ultimate Beneficiaries") or provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries;
(iii) Based on the audit procedures that have been considered reasonable and appropriate in the circumstances, nothing has come to our notice that has caused us to believe that the representations under sub-clause (i) and (ii) of Rule 11(e), as provided under (i) and (ii) above, contain any material misstatement.
e. (i) The final dividend proposed in the previous year, declared and paid by the Company during the year is
in accordance with Section 123 of the Act, as applicable.
(ii) The Company has neither declared nor paid any interim dividend during the year.
(iii) The Board of Directors of the Company have proposed final dividend for the year which is subject to the approval of the members at the ensuing Annual General Meeting. The amount of dividend proposed is in accordance with section 123 of the Act, as applicable.
f. Based on our examination which included test checks, the company has used accounting software for maintaining its books of account for the financial year ended March 31, 2024 which has a feature of recording audit trail (edit log) facility and the same has operated throughout the year for all relevant transactions recorded in the software. Further, during the course of our audit we did not come across any instance of audit trail feature being tampered with.
As proviso to Rule 3(1) of the Companies (Accounts) Rules, 2014 is applicable from April 1, 2023, reporting under Rule 11(g) of the Companies (Audit and Auditors) Rules, 2014 on preservation of audit trail as per the statutory requirements for record retention is not applicable for the financial year ended March 31, 2024.
For L. B. Jha & Co.
Chartered Accountants Firm Registration No: 301088E
(D.N. Roy)
Place: Kolkata Partner
Date: 13.05.2024 (Membership number- 300389)
UDIN:24300389BKDBKZ1557
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