(i) During the year 31 March 2022, the Company has entered into Power Purchase Agreement, Share Subscription Agreement and Shareholders Agreement with Lalganj Power Private Limited (""LPPL"") on 10 August 2021 for subscribing to 36,36,364 equity shares of INR 10 each constituting 4.25% of the paid-up equity share capital at a premium of Rs. 3.2 per share aggregating to Rs. 48.0 million in order to procure around 22 Gigawatt hours per annum of solar power under captive arrangement for operating its plant located at Village Madora, District Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

(ii) During the year 31 March 2024, the Company has entered into Power Purchase Agreement, Share Subscription Agreement and Shareholders Agreement with Continuum MP Windfarm Development Private Limited ('CMWDPL') on 26 September 2023 for subscribing to 92,76,800 equity shares of INR 10 each constituting 4.57% of the paid-up equity share capital aggregating to Rs. 92.8 million in order to procure around 8MW per annum of Hybrid power (Wind-Solar) under captive arrangement for operating its Narsingarh and Imlai plant located in Madhya Pradesh, India.

Terms/ rights attached to equity shares

The Company has only one class of equity shares having a par value of Rs.10 per share. Each holder of equity shares is entitled to one vote per share. The Company declares and pays dividends in Indian rupees. The dividend, if any, proposed by the Board of Directors is subject to the approval of the shareholders in the ensuing Annual General Meeting.

In the event of liquidation of the Company, the holders of equity shares will be entitled to receive remaining assets of the Company, after distribution of all preferential amounts. The distribution will be in proportion to the number of equity shares held by the shareholders.

Nature and purpose of reserves:

(i) Capital reserve

Pursuant to the scheme of amalgamation, excess of fair value of net assets taken by the company over the paid up value of equity shares issued to the shareholders of erstwhile Indorama Cement Limited (IRCL) and HeidelbergCement India Private Limited (HIPL) amounting to Rs. 549.7 million has been treated and shown as capital reserve w.e.f 1 April 2008. The Company may issue fully paid-up bonus shares to its members out of the Capital reserve account.

(ii) Capital redemption reserve

Capital redemption reserve was created for the redemption of preference shares. The Company may issue fully paid-up bonus shares to its members out of the Capital redemption reserve account.

(iii) Securities premium

Security premium is created when shares are issued at premium. The Company may issue fully paid-up bonus shares to its members out of the security premium account, and company can use this reserve for buy-back of shares.

(a) India rupee loan from a party other than banks:

The Company has availed the facility of interest free loan from ‘The Pradeshiya Industrial and Investment Corporation of U.P Ltd.’ (‘PICUP), Lucknow in accordance with the ‘Industrial Investment Promotion Scheme-2012', Uttar Pradesh. This loan is secured by bank guarantee and repayable after expiry of 7 (Seven) years from the date of disbursement of loan. Effective interest rate in respect of this borrowing is 9.01 % p.a for the year ended 31 March 2024 and 31 March 2023. As on 31 March 2024, principal amount of such loan is Rs. 1,380.5 million (31 March 2023: Rs. 2,010.0 million).

The benefit of a government loan at below current market rate of interest is treated as a government grant. The loan is recognised and measured in accordance with Ind AS 109. The benefit of the below market rate of interest is measured as the difference between the initial carrying value of the loan determined in accordance with Ind AS 109 (at Fair value) and the proceeds received. Government grant is recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the entity recognises as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate.

31. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS, ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS

The preparation of financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities, the accompanying disclosures, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.

Judgements

In the process of applying the Company's accounting policies, management has made the following judgements, which have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:

Contingent liabilities

Contingent liabilities may arise from the ordinary course of business in relation to claims against the Company, including legal, land access and other claims. By their nature, contingencies will be resolved only when one or more uncertain future events occur or fail to occur. The assessment of the existence, and potential quantum, of contingencies inherently involves the exercise of significant judgement and the use of estimates regarding the outcome of future events.

Estimates and assumptions

The key assumptions concerning the future and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the reporting date that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are described below. The Company based its assumptions and estimates on parameters available when the financial statements were prepared. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market change or circumstances arising beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

(i) Useful lives of Property, Plant & Equipment:

The Company uses its technical expertise along with historical and industry trends for determining the economic life of an asset/component of an asset. The useful lives are reviewed by management periodically and revised, if appropriate. In case of a revision, the unamortised depreciable amount is charged over the remaining useful life of the assets.

(ii) Defined benefit plans

The cost of the defined benefit gratuity plan and other post-employment defined benefits are determined using actuarial valuations. An actuarial valuation involves various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

Further details about gratuity obligations are given in Note 34.

(iii) Fair value measurement of financial instrument

When the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities recorded in the balance sheet cannot be measured based on quoted prices in active markets, their fair value is measured using valuation techniques including the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) model. The inputs to these models are taken from observable markets where possible, but where this is not feasible, a degree of judgement is required in establishing fair values. Judgements include considerations of inputs such as liquidity risk, credit risk and volatility. Changes in assumptions about these factors could affect the reported fair value of financial instruments. Refer Note 36 of the financials.

(iv) Mines reclamation expenses:

In determining the fair value of the Mines Restoration Obligation, assumptions and estimates are made in relation to discount rates, the expected cost of mines restoration and the expected timing of those costs.

(v) Taxes

Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation of complex tax regulations, changes in tax laws, and the amount and timing of future taxable income. Given the nature of business, differences arising between the actual results and the assumptions made, or future changes to such assumptions, could necessitate future adjustments to tax income and expense already recorded. The Company establishes provisions, based on reasonable estimates. The amount of such provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax regulations by the taxable entity and the responsible tax authority. Such differences of interpretation may arise on a wide variety of issues depending on the conditions prevailing in the respective domicile of the companies.

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated. They are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that may have a financial impact on the Company and that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Terms and conditions of transactions with related parties

The transactions with related parties are made on terms equivalent to those that prevail in arm's length transactions. Outstanding balances at the year-end are unsecured and interest free and settlement occurs in cash. There have been no guarantees provided or received for any related party receivables or payables. This assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the financial position of the related party and the market in which the related party operates.

In respect of above cases based on the favorable decisions in similar cases/ legal opinions taken by the Company/ discussions with the solicitors etc., the management is of the opinion that it is possible, but not probable, that the action will succeed and accordingly no provision for any liability has been made in these financial statements.

Above provisions have been made against demands raised by various authorities. All these cases are under litigation and are pending with various authorities; expected timing of resulting outflow of economic benefits cannot be specified. Amount deposited under protest against these provisions are shown under other current assets in note no.10.

34. A) GRATUITY AND OTHER EMPLOYMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company has three post-employment funded plans, namely Gratuity, Superannuation and Provident Fund.

Gratuity being administered by a Trust is computed as 15 days salary, for every completed year of service or part thereof in excess of 6 months and is payable on retirement/ termination/ resignation. The benefit vests on the employee after completing 5 years of service. The Gratuity plan for the Company is a defined benefit scheme where annual contributions as demanded by the insurer are deposited to a Gratuity Trust Fund established to provide gratuity benefits. The Trust Fund has taken a Scheme of Insurance, whereby these contributions are transferred to the insurer. The Company makes provision of such gratuity asset/ liability in the books of accounts on the basis of actuarial valuation as per the projected unit credit method. An actuarial valuation involves making various assumptions that may differ from actual developments in the future. These include the determination of the discount rate, future salary increases and mortality rates. Due to the complexities involved in the valuation and its long-term nature, a defined benefit obligation is highly sensitive to changes in these assumptions. All assumptions are reviewed at each reporting date.

The parameter most subject to change is the discount rate. In determining the appropriate discount rate for plans operated in India, the management considers the interest rates of government bonds in currencies consistent with the currencies of the post-employment benefit obligation.

The mortality rate is based on publicly available mortality tables for the specific countries. Those mortality tables tend to change only at interval in response to demographic changes. Future salary increases and gratuity increases are based on expected future inflation rates for the respective countries.

Plan assets also include investments and bank balances used to deposit premiums until due to the insurance company.

Retirement benefits in the form of Superannuation Fund (being administered by Trusts) are funded defined contribution schemes and the contributions are charged to the Statement of profit and loss of the year when the contributions to the respective funds are due. There are no other obligations other than the contribution payable.

The Provident Fund being administered by a Trust is a defined benefit scheme whereby the Company deposits an amount determined as a fixed percentage of basic pay to the fund every month. The benefit vests upon commencement of employment. The interest credited to the accounts of the employees is adjusted on an annual basis to confirm to the interest rate declared by the Government for the Employees Provident Fund. Based on latest actuarial valuation of the said trust, there is no deficit in the fund.

The following tables summarize the components of net benefit expense recognized in the statement of profit and loss and the amounts recognized in the balance sheet for the Gratuity.

The average duration of the defined benefit plan obligation at the end of the reporting period is 5 years (31 March 2023: 5 years).

B) PROVIDENT FUND

Provident fund for certain eligible employees is managed by the Company through trust “Mysore Cement Limited officers' and staff provident fund trust”, in line with the Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provision Act, 1952. The plan guarantees interest at the rate notified by the Provident Fund Authorities. The contribution by the employer and employee together with the interest accumulated thereon are payable to employees at the time of separation from the Company or retirement, whichever is earlier. The benefits vests immediately on rendering of the services by the employee.

In terms of the guidance note issued by the Institute of Actuaries of India for measurement of provident fund liabilities, the actuary has provided a valuation of provident fund liability and based on the assumption provided below there is no shortfall as at 31 March, 2024 and 31 March, 2023 respectively.

35. TAX INCENTIVE

The Company is entitled to benefits under the Madhya Pradesh State Industrial Promotion Policy, 2004 and 2010 for the increased cement production facility at Damoh, Madhya Pradesh w.e.f. 18 February 2013. Under the said policy, the Company has been exempted from payment of Entry Tax on input materials for a period of 7 years and also claim refund upto 75% of VAT/CST paid ( which is subsumed on GST) on sales for a period of 10 years within the state of Madhya Pradesh in respect of the increased production facility. Accordingly, the SGST incentives amounting to Rs. 190.8 million have been accrued for the period from 1 April 2022 to 17 February 2023 (i.e till the last date of entitlement) under the head 'other operating revenue'.

36. DETAIL OF CSR EXPENDITURE

a) Gross amount required to be spent by the company during the year:

During the year, the gross amount required to be spent by the Company on activities related to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) amounted to Rs. 57.5 million (31 March 2023: Rs. 75.0 million).

37. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

The Company has exposure to the following risks arising from financial instruments:

- credit risk (see 37 (i i));

- liquidity risk (see 37 (iii)); and

- market risk (see 37(iv)).

(i) Risk management framework

The Company's risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Company, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies are reviewed periodically to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company's activities. The Company, through its training and management standards and procedures, aims to maintain a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.

The Company's Audit Committee oversees how Management monitors compliance with the Company's risk management policies and procedures, and reviews the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the company. The Audit Committee is assisted in its oversight role by the senior management of the Company and through the periodical internal audits carried out by the Internal Auditors.

(ii) Credit risk

Credit risk is the risk that counterparty will not meet its obligations under a financial instrument or customer contract. The Company is exposed to credit risk from its operating activities (primarily trade receivables) and from its financing activities, including deposits with banks and financial institutions, foreign exchange transactions and other financial instruments. The Company has no significant concentration of credit risk with any counterparty.

Trade receivables

Customer credit risk is managed in line with the Company's established policy, procedures and control relating to customer credit risk management. Credit quality of a customer is assessed through internal evaluation which takes into account the financial parameters, past experience with the counterparty and current economic/market trends. Individual credit limits are thus defined in accordance with this assessment. Outstanding customer receivables are regularly monitored and any shipments to major customers are generally covered by advances, security deposits, bank guarantees etc.

Trade receivables are consisting of a large number of customers. The Company does not have higher concentration of credit risks to a single customer. Single largest customer has total exposure in sales 0.10% (31 March 2023: 0.02%) and in receivables 4.01% (31 March 2023: 1.25%).

Financial instruments and cash deposits

Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Company's treasury department in accordance with the Company's policy. Investments of surplus funds are made with approved counterparties only.

Credit Risk on cash and cash equivalent, deposits with the banks/financial institutions is generally low as the said deposits have been made with the banks/financial institutions who have been assigned high credit rating by international and domestic rating agencies.

Credit Risk on Derivative Instruments are generally low as Company enters into the Derivative Contracts with the reputed Banks and Financial Institutions.

(iii) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is defined as the risk that the Company will not be able to settle or meet its obligations on time or at reasonable price. The Company's treasury department monitors liquidity on an ongoing basis through rolling cash flow forecasts. The Company's objective is to maintain timely and adequate funding for its operations via multiple sources including but not limited to bank overdrafts, bank loans, debentures, preference shares etc. Approximately 50% of the Company's debt will mature in less than one year at 31 March 2024 (31 March 2023: 31%) based on the carrying value of borrowings refected in the financial statements.

The Company assessed the concentration of risk with respect to refinancing its debt and concluded it to be low. Maturities of financial liabilities

The table below summarises the maturity profile of the company's financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments.

(iv) Market risk

Market risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market prices. Market risk comprises three types of risk: interest rate risk, currency risk and other price risk, such as equity. Financial instruments affected by market risk include loans and borrowings, deposits, investments and derivative financial instruments.

The Company's treasury department is entrusted with managing the overall market risks in line with the company's established risk management policies which are approved by the Senior Management and Audit Committee.

I. Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company's main interest risk arises from the long-term borrowings with variable rates, which exposes the Company to cash flow interest rate risk. Company's policy is to maintain most of its borrowings at fixed rate using interest rate swaps to achieve this when necessary.

The Company's fixed rate borrowings are carried at amortised cost. They are therefore not subject to interest rate risk as defined in Ind AS 107, since neither the carrying amount nor the future cash flows will fluctuate because of a change in market interest rates.

The Company manages its cash flow interest rate risk by using floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps. Under these swaps, the company agrees with other parties to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference between fixed contract rates and floating rate interest amounts calculated by reference to the agreed notional principal amounts. Generally, the company raises long-term borrowings at floating rates and swaps them into fixed rates that are lower than those available if the company borrowed at fixed rates directly.

The Company is thus not exposed to significant interest rate risks at the respective reporting dates.

II. Foreign currency risk

Foreign currency risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company's exposure to the risk of changes in foreign exchange rates relates primarily to the Company's operating or financing activities and the same are hedged in line with established risk management policies of the Company.

When a derivative is entered into for the purpose of hedging, the Company negotiates the terms of those derivatives to match the terms of the hedged exposure. For hedges of forecast transactions, the derivatives cover the period of exposure from the point the cash flows of the transactions are forecasted up to the point of settlement of the resulting receivable or payable that is denominated in the foreign currency.

38. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

For the purpose of the Company’s capital management, capital includes issued equity capital, securities premium and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the company. The primary objective of the Company’s capital management is to maximize the shareholder value.

The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments in light of changes in economic conditions. The Company monitors capital using a gearing ratio, which is net debt divided by total capital plus net debt.

42. The Company is primarily engaged in the manufacturing of cement and hence entire operation represents a single primary segment. The company operates within India only and hence geographical segment is also not applicable to the company.

43. STANDARDS NOTIFIED BUT NOT YET EFFECTIVE

There are no new standards that are notified, but not yet effective, upto the date of issuance of the Company's financial statements.

44. ADDITIONAL STATUTORY INFORMATION

(i) The Company do not have any Benami property, where any proceeding has been initiated or pending against the Company for holding any Benami property.

(ii) The Company do not have any transactions with companies struck off.

(iii) The Company do not have any charges or satisfaction which is yet to be registered with ROC beyond the statutory period.

(iv) The Company have not traded or invested in Crypto currency or Virtual Currency during the financial year.

(v) The Company have not advanced or loaned or invested funds to any other person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Intermediaries) with the understanding that the Intermediary shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the company (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like to or on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries

(vi) The Company have not received any fund from any person(s) or entity(ies), including foreign entities (Funding Party) with the understanding (whether recorded in writing or otherwise) that the Company shall:

(a) directly or indirectly lend or invest in other persons or entities identified in any manner whatsoever by or on behalf of the Funding Party (Ultimate Beneficiaries) or

(b) provide any guarantee, security or the like on behalf of the Ultimate Beneficiaries,

(vii) The Company have not any such transaction which is not recorded in the books of accounts that has been surrendered or disclosed as income during the year in the tax assessments under the Income Tax Act, 1961 (such as, search or survey or any other relevant provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961.

45. Previous year figures have been regrouped / reclassified, where necessary, to conform to this year's classification.